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April
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Month of Farming – The Land,
The History of Farming and Animal Husbandry
Throughout the month of April, it’s all about connecting, with nature and each other, The focus is on preparing the soil for planting, getting the animals situated and examined. Checking all the food stores carefully. All indoor or outdoor crops are collected and made ready for sale and canning all seeds collecting and stored. Most gardens will be tilled and preparations are made ready and applied as prescribed.
Clubs are still in focus and the Events Calendar teams are meeting and preparing their schedules for the seasons to come. Spring is the time of year for cleaning and signing up for jobs, commitments and volunteering. None of this is possible without connecting with each other. The Events and Festivals teams along with Home Life are there to help you find the best way to connect with the things you will enjoy doing the most and perhaps try something new and exciting. Connect with them during the week, between Monday and Thursday throughout the month of April.
The major festivals for the PEACH is Easter, and the Easter Egg Hunt. Services for both Pagan and Christian celebrations will post their schedules outside the Chapel doors.
March 32nd, a.k.a. A Fools Errand – This is a day put together by the theatre department and writer’s club. All requests must be submitted on this day, the year prior. All deference must be confirmed on the Ides of March between 3PM and 9PM. You will be given a secret code you must submit on the 15th, failure to do so means you have withdrawn your request. To make a submission for next year you must arrive at the theater between 9AM and 3PM to fill out the proper forms.
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Rural to Urban
When has man not labored for his bread? The first organized tribes were hunter and gathering societies, and When has man not labored for his bread? The first organized tribes were hunter and gathering societies, and these tribes did well, as long as there was plenty of food growing and living in the wild. During seasonal and weather changes, the fruits of nature were not as plentiful or predictable. During these changes, tribes would roam to more abundant grounds. They became nomadic, always on the move or on the hunt to where the food was most available. However, during a drought this would often cause conflicts between different tribes or families within the groups.
So when did men decide to stay put and develop agriculture? It is believed the tribes that remained were the River Tribes. In particular, the Egyptians. Almost out of nowhere, they took root and took noticed of the flooding of the Nile. How this river swelled during the wet season and how the plants would grow based on the silt left behind when the river receded. This process was so predictable that they cultivated and helped nature create more of what they needed and wanted. They gathered seeds from the mature plants, and using a stick they drew lines in the soil, creating a furrow, then they staggered the seeds, and covered them with the furrowed soil. The seeds grew in nice straight rows. This was the first plough.
From this stick, they began to use thicker branches, pushing and pulling, creating larger furrows. Then they tried using logs, finding this a difficult task to manage, they employed their domesticated animals to help pull the logs forward. This led to the creation of the yolk, and a yolk required rope. The plant material they used to weave baskets and clothes, they now used to weave rope.
Once they had the animals and the log fastened, through trial and error, they found slicing one end of the log at a 45-degree angle allowed the point to slide into the ground smoothly. This cuts deeper into the soil with less breakage. The results, more robust plants, allowing the seeds to create a complex root system providing more nutrients and thus developing bigger and stronger plants.
From this point on, the world of science and math became part of their societal structure. The stars, seasons, weather, measurement, what and when to plant all became an intricate part of their lives and the life of the community. The more food they grew and harvested, the more tools were needed. Clay pots were made on a massive scale, it is believed this is what developed the wheel, and in order to identify what was in the pots, writing was acquired. What the Egyptians had developed 4000 years ago was modern technology.
Once the Bronze Age arrived the sharp end of the stick, the spade, was made of metal and cut through the earth like butter, even in rocky loom. Trade began between the Greeks and the Egyptians, and later the Romans. From the Bronze Age on very little, in terms of the plough, changed until the steam-engine-plough was developed in the mid-1800s.
The bounty from agriculture pushed all manner of skills forward: pottery, woodworking, leather-binding, masonry, iron-smything, glassblowing. These skills over time were refined, leading to endless discoveries and curiosities. Everything in our world today started with these 7 skills, and they continue to develop and uncover more secrets we can not see with the naked eye, only our imaginations.
So, what is labor? Labor is energy. Taking energy, will, and transforming it into something that is useful, that functions well, that is creative. Ideally, labor should have a purpose for the good, its outcome should be a reward within itself, while fine-tuning one’s skills and becoming a master at one’s craft.
Even in the most mundane elements of one’s labor there should be moments where one takes joy in the work, where one loses all track of time in this joy and the wonder of the final product and develops a sense of understanding and knowing the creative muse.
Labor can be hard, but it is not without its rewards and not just financially, but in what one is able to accomplish and put forward for others to share. This turn from work and labor, with a purpose, to the Industrial Age, for profit, at its core, still has people scratching their heads. How did humanity go from working for our daily bread and the march toward progress, only to end up entrapped as slaves for money? How do we reconcile and work in such a world?
This topic and others will be explored in several areas at the PEACH during the month of May.
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Farming –
Last weekend in April is for Tree Planting (weather permitting).
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History Of Farm Life – 1650 –1740
bio-dynamic farming
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Animal Husbandry –
From Rural to Urban – the beginning of the Industrial Revolution 1712 – 1771
History of Industry
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Early Industrial Era – STEAM
Early Industrial Age, 1712–1800
Key inventions
– Canals
– Steam Engine
The first recorded steam railway journey took place on 21 February 1804, when Cornishman Richard Trevithick’s ‘Pen-y-Darren’ locomotive carried ten tons of iron, five wagons and seventy men the 9.75 miles from the ironworks at Penydarren to the Merthyr-Cardiff Canal in four hours and five minutes. The journey had an average speed of c. 2.4 mph. Twenty five years later, George Stephenson and his son, Robert Stephenson, designed ‘Stephenson’s Rocket’. This was the most advanced locomotive of its day, winning the 1829 Rainhill trials as the only one of five entrants to complete the one mile track in Lancashire. The trials had been put on to test the argument that locomotives provided the best propulsion for the new Liverpool and Manchester Railway. The Rocket’s design – with its smoke chimney at the front and a separate fire box in the rear – became the template for steam locomotives for the next 150 years.1837—English schoolmaster, Rowland Hill invents the postage stamp.
Newcomen 1712
1763 James Watt Scottish engineer invented the first practical steam engine in
-Loom
Loom James Hargreaves Spinning Jenny an engine for spinning wool or cotton invented in 1764. Richard Arkwright, who constructed Cromford Mill in 1771.
The History of Plagues and Disease – Lecture
Brief History –
-Leprosy, unknown dates, millions effected. lasts 6 months to 40 years. Cause: mycobacterium lepraehas.
-Antonine Plague, 165 AD. 5 million deaths. Cause: Unknown
-Bubonic Plague, 541AD – 549AD. 30 to 50 million deaths. Cause:
-Black Death, 1334 – 1353. 75 to 200 million deaths. Cause:
-Sydenham Chorea, Dancing Plague of 1518 – Illness, bacteria, unknown numbers. Cause:
-Smallpox, 1520 – 1620. Illness and possible death. 25 to 56 million effected. Cause:
-6 Cholera Pandemics, 1817 – 1923. Illness and death. Untold millions affected. Cause: bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup, filthy water.
-Spanish Flu – Flu of 1918, 1918-1920. Illness and possible death. 50 to 100 million effected. Cause:
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History
Neoclassical and the Early Enlightenment 17th – 18th century
The Romantics 1740 – 1840 – Who were they? Art, Music, Literature, Philosophy and most of all Passion.
The Romantics were a response, a revolt, to the Neoclassical world, and its child, The Enlightenment. The Romantics had other ideas in mind, those that were, in contrast to the order, organization, pragmatism, a place for everything and everything in its place found in the nèos klasikόs.
German poet, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel (1772 -1829), was the first to use the term romantic. Part of the Jena Romanticism (Early Romantics), he defined Romanticism as, “literature depicting emotional matters in an imaginative form.”
Some would argue that the Romantics were a response to the Enlightenment. Push forward by the Neoclassical period, they embraced logic and reason, developed a sense of progressivism, organization and refinement, developed a path towards science, critical thinking, invention, and technology. They rejected the magic of spiritual matters and endeavored that the unexplained was a mere phenomenon yet to be discovered. The scientific method developed by Francis Bacon was slowly, but surely, intertwining itself into the culture like a snake. The Enlightenment Lecture Series is taken up during April.
The Romantics, on the other hand, embraced human emotions, creativity, and spontaneity. Their aim was to feel everything. Perhaps as a response to the Enlightenment’s distance from the ideas of magical thinking. The Romantics bellowed, “There is more to life than work and organized ways of thinking! There is sympathy of feeling, and through this feeling new morals, ethics, and aesthetic must be established.”
How did we get from the work-a-day world and the marching of time and progressivism to Romanticism? The Romantics took feeling and matters of the heart to a broader set of ideals. Human Beings are not only thinkers and builder, they are also beings filled with passions, desires, sorrows, and anguish. Romanticism had such a profound effect at the time that, like the Enlightenment, it is still alive today and part of our political dialectic and diatribe, oft’ to our cultural detriment.
However, the true spearhead of this movement was the Swiss philosopher, writer, and composer, Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778). His ideas embraced self-love, individual will, free speech, child-centered learning, civil religion, and liberal idealism. In many ways, Rousseau prepared the ground for what later became known as the Faustian Spirit. A comparison between Rousseau and Goethe, as noted by Nietzsche, is quite interesting. He regarded Rousseau as a man full of passion with revolutionary ideas, while he regarded Goethe as a man of deep appreciation and refinement. However, Nietzsche also saw the downside of both, and was very critical of their faults. We will learn more about Nietzsche next month during Modernity.
Rousseau wrote a very popular book at the time titled, Emile, on Education (Émile, ou De l’éducation). The focused of the book was on childhood and the raising of a boy. His admiration of innocence, purity, naivety, absolute trust, along with the wonders of discovering everything for the first time. He believed this made life a joy, exciting, and worth living. As the world became more organized, sterile, predictable, managed by the cold rigors of science, Rousseau looked to the child for hope and delight, charm in its innocence and natural sweetness, honesty and spontaneity, which can only be observed in the development of a child. Through this, he discovered its genius, and believed the importance in life was never to lose this spark.
The focus and development of the Romantics was sensitivity, irrational, imaginative, creative, passion, love over wealth, heart over mind, sympathy over rationality, the kindness of the Christ.
The Romantics saw the future of progress. They feared and later rallied against the concept of machine overtaking the work of men. In art, they embraced the grandeur of the natural landscape. They were reaching back to the time of the Medieval era, where hand-crafted skills and the refinement of the arts for the sake of creativity, discovery and knowledge, matter more than the collection of material wealth. They believed that civilization was making us sick.
Goethe, on the other hand, discovered a balance between the Enlightenment and the Romantics. He did this in part through his methods of observation and an appreciation for the natural world. In late August there will be a lecture on his biography.
The Legacy of the Romantics – Writers Wordsworth, Blake, Shelley, Byron, Keats, Bronte, Dumas, Hugo, Goethe, Schiller. Musician’s: Beethoven, Brahms, Dvorak, Wagner, Tchaikovsky. Painters: Cole, Turner, Delacroix, Goya. Future evolution of the Romantics will flourish through the Expressionists and Impressionists. Lecture by, Prof. Burke. Monday 7PM. Theatre.
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.History & Philosophy –
Establishing the Individual
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.Biographies
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Benjamin Franklin – Diplomat, Printer, Founding Father, 1706 – 1790. Born, English Colony of Massachusetts
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George Washington – General, President, Founding Father, 1732 – 1799. Born, English Colony of Virginia.
1st President of the United States Of America. Surveyor.
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Thomas Jefferson – President, Diplomat, Inventor, Founding Father, 1743 – 1826. Born, English Colony of Virginia.
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Founding Father
John Adams 1735 – 1826. Braintree, Massachusetts, United States. Federalist.
Alexander Hamilton, 1755 – 1804. Born Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis. Federalist.
James Madison, 1751 – 1836. Port Conway, Virginia, United States. Father of the Constitution. Democratic-Republican.
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.Revolution – Before The Revolutions, 1764
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American Revolution – 1776
Dutch Revolution – 1783
French Revolution – 1789 – France was the most populated country in Europe, 2nd only to Russia.
Houses
The Bourbons
The Habsburgs
Holy Roman Empire
British Empire
La French
The Sun
The Beloved
The Last
King Louis XV – Louis the Beloved, 1710 – 1774. Born, Versailles, France.
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Joseph De Maistre, 
1753 – 1821
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Napoleon Bonaparte – Emperor Napoleon I, 1769 – 1821. Born, Corsica, France. Corsica was last part of the Genoa State and sold to or taken by France. There was a resistance so tough to say for certain. Napoleon was born a few years after this decision/invasion. France taking control wasn’t popular with everyone on the island. However in the end Napoleon’s father succumb to the powers of Franc and became a representative of this new colony. This opportunity provided him with many advantages for his 8 children. Including Napoleon, who resented him for caving in to the French.
Napoleon of Corsica – He was the 4th child of Carlo Maria di Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino. At a young age his father sent him to military school in France. He was the poorest of the students who attended and he did very well in his studies, despite being a loaner.
Napoleon the Soldier – 1791: Napoleon joins the Jacobins. Rejoins the La Fere Artillery Regiment at Auxonne. Promoted to 1st lieutenant and re-assigned to 4th Artillery Regiment at Valence. Takes oath to new Constitution.
Napoleon the General – La Grande Armée
Napoleon the Scientist – He often sent ships out on exploration to lands conquered and unconquered in order to discover new and interesting materials; plants, mineral, animals, artifacts. He expected journals and reports which he read thoroughly. He was an active and dedication member of the French Institute of Science, and was the President of the French Academy of Sciences from 1801 until he was banished. His support and funding is when help lead to the discovery of the Rosetta Stone in 1799.
Napoleon the Mathematician – Standardized the metric system, replacing the Imperial measuring system
Napoleon the Artist – Napoleon wasn’t a painter or sculpture, but he had a deep appreciation for art, especially, the artifacts he stole. He created a museum for these treasures in order to shar them with the public. This museum eventually became known as the Louver (opening or vent). He was also a story teller and closely involved in the designed and creation of all the paintings he was depicted in, this was a form of propaganda. He took pleasure in the design of military uniforms, metals, banners rooms and furniture. He was also an author and loved literature, especially ancient history and military history, which is where he learned everything. This became an industry, all Generals who followed began to study and write books on the tactics of war.
Napoleon the Inventor – The pencil (crayon). Canning.
Napoleon Habits and Idiosyncrasies: He was a workaholics, and seldom slept more than 4 hours. He ate in silence and often quickly. His favorite foods were chicken with potato and onions. He enjoyed scalding hot baths, the spoiling of woman’s clothes; especially, if made in England. He had a high sense of smell. He believed in fate and luck and that he could see his star in the sky. He hated open doors, and made entering a room difficult. Didn’t care for cats, until the end. He believed the British were poisoning him.
Napoleon Illnesses – In French numbers he was listed at 5’2″, however in reality he was 169 centimeters making him 5′ 5″. He suffered from piles, and died of stomach cancer.
Code Napoléon, 21 March 1804 – Created law codes replacing common law, the abolition of Feudal Laws. Reversed some of the rights women gained during the Revolution, specifically, divorce and money. Wayward children were captured and imprisoned. Created a centralized government and central bank. Built roads and a sewer system. Developed a higher educational system. As he conquered Europe the Code Napoléon was put into place throughout Europe. This Document, one of the few, has influenced and changed the entire world.
Napoleon and Josephine – She was his shinning star, he believed she brought him good luck. He always carried a miniature portrait of her with him always. When she died he worse violets in his hair as a remembrance, they were her favorite flower.
Napoleon the Emperor – 2 December 1804. He crowed himself Emperor. Notre Dame 400 musicians.
“I love Power like a musician loves music “
Napoleon and Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma
Napoleon’s Son – Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte, 1811 – 1832
Napoleon & United States
Napoleonic Wars
War of the Third Coalition: 1805 to 1806
Coalition: Great Britain, Austrian Empire, Russian Empire, Naples, Sicily, and Sweden.
Location: Italy, Cape Trafalgar, Kingdom of Italy, Atlantic Ocean, Central Europe
Battles: Austerlitz, Schöngrabern, Elchingen, Caldiero. tba
War of the Fourth Coalition
Peninsular War
War of the Fifth Coalition
French invasion of Russia
War of the Sixth Coalition
War of the Seventh Coalition
arrived with 600k men
returned with 93k men
“It is just one step from sublime and the ridiculous.”
Napoleon’s Exile –
Waterloo –
America –
St. Helen’s Island –
Napoleon’s Death –
Napoleon Secret Society –
Everyone knows Napolaean
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Great Britain
British Empire was the largest empire in history by 1815 it was number one in world trade and because of its navy it rules the waves for 100 years 1815–1914 the Pax Britannica
-East India Company
Opium Wars
1773 a 2k chests per year in, Canton
Opium from India to China via East India Co. Pushed by the Jews, even after the drug was prohibited and outlawed via the death penalty by China in 1794.by 1837 30k Chest per year
Opium – works on the souls – and the soul of the nation
British Ships blocked refused to not sell or transport. America ships were then loaded in India instead – the trade continued.
Chinese man was killed China demands justice – – – story of the drowned man
What the English people knew – lies
War 1840 between China and England
very sad
1842 British won.
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Alexis De Tocqueville, 1805 – 1859
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Fine Arts
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History Of Art, Music, Dance, Literature
Literature
Scriblerus Club –
Daniel Defoe – 1660 – 1731
Jonathan Swift – 1667 – 1745
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Faust Books I &II
Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg – Novalis [no vaul lus]. 1772-1801. HRE, Saxony, Germany.
Lord George Gordon Byron – 1788 – 1824
She Walks in Beauty
She walks in beauty, like the night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
And all that’s best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes;
Thus mellowed to that tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o’er her face;
Where thoughts serenely sweet express,
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.
And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!
German aristocrat and polymath, poet, novelist, philosopher and mystic.
Classical Music – Early Romantics 1700
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – Salzburg, Austria, 1756–1791
Ludwig van Beethoven – Bonn, Germany, 1770–1827
Neoclassical Painters
Jacques-Louis David – 1748 – 1825
Antonio Canova – 1757 – 1822
Romantic Painters
Hudson River School
Dance
Baroque – 1700
Waltz and Quadrille – 1800
Philosophy & Science
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe – Weimar, Germany, 1749–1832.
Johann Gottlieb Fichte – Saxony, Germany, 1762 – 1814. Lutheran. Parents Sibling. Influenced by Kant. Father of German idealism and Nationalism. Theory: Major Works:
Technology – 1840
The Camera –
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America – The Hudson River School
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All the arts and shops are in full swing.
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APRIL CALENDAR
The Land, Enlightenment, Early Revolution, Early industrial, Farm Life – 1650- 1740
The continuation of March through the Enlightenment. Newton, Goethe. History of Farming
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Celebrations & Festivals: Farming & Celebration and Blessing of the Animals. (March 32nd) A Fool’s Errand . Pioneer Day.
Philosophy & History: Philosophy; 1800 – 1840. History; Farming, Ranching, Beekeeping.
Garden – Workshops: Bio-dynamic Preparations, Small Animal Husbandry, Planting, Bee and Butterfly Keeping.
Skilled Arts – Indoor/Outdoor: Black-smything, Ceramics, Glass-Blowing, JOAT, Printmaking, Woodworking.
Practical Arts: American Folk Arts. Cordwaining, Book-binding, Rag-making.
Theatre: Chaucer, Lion’s Bath. All that Money Can Buy, Benèt.
Music: Classical and Romantics.
Physical Activity: Planting, Farming, Animal Shelter Maintenance, Indoor Spring Cleaning, Spacial Dynamics.
Café: Italian Swiss Cuisine, Peasant’s Lunch, Bug-candy.
Book Clubs: Steinbeck, London, Hemingway.
Writer’s Club: Practical Application – Declaration Against Authority – Moral Righteousness – Hegelian Dialect: problem reaction solution Real World Topic.
Problem – describe the problem.
Reaction – good and bad effects.
Solution – solve the problem.
Follow Though – letters written, documentation,
(March April)
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The Land – Bound to the Earth
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[TBC]
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Living Pan-European and American Cultural and Heritage Community Center
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EMAIL: peachcommunity yahoo.com
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quicklink
PEACH COMMUNITY 